ranjan

As one grows as a leader, a day will come when organisation has enough structure to have other Managers that report to the leader. Instead of just being responsible for a group of individual contributors, one is responsible for other managers & indirectly responsible for every individual. There are some differences in managing individuals and managing other managers. To layout those differences, following framework of four questions be considered to ask - 1) What do you look for when hiring? 2) How to do you assign tasks? 3) What updates do you expect? 4) How do you measure success? The answer to each question explains the difference between managing individuals vs. other managers. These are explained as under - 1) When you hire, you look for technical expertise and ability to learn. 2) When you assign tasks, you define details of what needs to get done. 3) When you get updates, you expect status of their own projects and issues. 4) When you measure success, you are focus...

Economic growth is essential in order to reduce poverty in Developing countries & to improve people living standards. The activities of public and private sector enterprises play an important role in achieving high economic growth rates. Following factors influence the economic development of  a country - 1) Natural Resources 2) Capital Formation 3) Conditions in Foreign Trade 4) Economic System 5) Marketable Surplus of Agriculture 6) Human Resources 7) Political Freedom 8) Education and Technical Know how Despite optimism for India's prospects for economic growth & development, there are number of obstacles which may effect adversely the growth and development. \ 1) Poor Infrastructure - notably in Transport and Power Networks. 2) Low Productivity and Weak Human Capital. 3) High Inflation and Persistent Trade Deficit. Despite Govt. efforts to get positive trade balance, India was facing consistently balance of payments deficit since 1950. Also during 1965 Pa...

NRIs prefers to a place in India to remain rooted with the country and not just for Investment Returns - does not matter whether market remains Bullish or Bearish. Game changing policies like RERA and GST have now boosted the confidence and transparency and streamlined the property buying process for NRIs. This has been fueling new NRI investments into Indian property market. The fact that Rupee value depreciation against Dollar in 2018 was a sound reason for NRIs to view Indian Real Estate more favorably as well as Developers offering substantial freebies & discounts in addition to interesting payment plans. The Govt. also eased norms to facilitate a more streamlined and less cumbersome property buying process for NRIs. keeping in mind the positive sentiments. In order to equip themselves for making best possible property purchase decisions, NRIs need to understand the regulations & processes related to India Real Estate. A quick realty check is: - 1) Understand FEMA (For...

Vote on Account is a Grant in advance to enable Govt. to carry on until the voting of Demands and Grants & passing of the Appropriations Bill and Finance Bill. As a convention, a vote on account is treated as a formal matter and passed by Lok Sabha without discussion. In other words, this enables the Govt. to fund its expenses for a short period of time or until a full Budget is passed. Article 266 of Constitution of India mandates that parliamentary approval is required to draw money from the consolidated fund of India. Besides, Article 114 (3) of  constitution stipulates that no amount can be drawn from the consolidated fund without the enactment of law (Appropriation Bill).y During Election year or when it is anticipated that main Demands & Appropriation Bill will take longer time than two months, the Vote on Account may be for a period exceeding two months. The difference between Budget and Vote on Account is that - 1) Full Budget deals with both Expenditure and R...

India's growth accelerated to 7.7.% in 4th quarter of 2017-18 (F.Y.) which was up from 7% in the previous quarter. In order to sustain the high growth rate, following three steps are suggested for India by IMF ( International Monetary Fund) to follow :- 1) To revive a Bank credit and enhance the credit provision by accelerating clean up of Bank and     Corporate Balance sheets & enhancing the growth of Public Sector Banks. 2) To continue fiscal consolidation and to lower elevated public Debt levels by simplifying &     streamlining the Goods and Service Tax (GST ) structure. 3) To renew impetus to reforms of key markets over the medium term, for example, Labor and     Land as well as improving the business climate to improving competitiveness and maintaining     the level of growth in India.  India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is poised to grow by 7.3.% in 2018-19 and 7.5% in 2019-20  on strengthening of Investment ...

Education is the doorway to the world. It empowers us to better outlook towards life as also a smarter approach towards life and exposition. Rural infrastructure is incomplete without an assessment of the extent to which we have been able to open doors to children of rural India. Without proper education it is difficult to survive in today's modernized world. It is a fact that majority of Indian population still live in villages and so the topic of rural education is of utmost importance. The major topic of concern today is not enrollment figures but the quality of education important in rural India. There is a lot of difference in the level of education and educational facilities when compared to rest of India. It will be not wrong to say that teachers in rural areas are least concerned with the level education. It is not that children of our cities are taught different subjects than in rural areas. The problem is that the level of education in these areas has been neglected rig...

The Budget was first presented by James Wilson on 18th February, 1869 who was the Finance Minister of the India Council that advised the Indian Viceroy. The word Budget was derived from Mid-English word " Bougette" meaning a leather Bag.Today bag is much larger and role of Government evolved significantly. Present position - The Budget in India is now about two weeks' away from its presentation to the Parliament. All among the discussions at different media platforms, it seems to be a better time to take note of the following measures which will strengthen the path for growth of Indian economy. The issues are - 1) Govt. should introduce a process of cleaning up of arrears/commitments made to Business, Trade, Industry, employees like GST refunds, Farmers' commitments, Pending pension matters etc. effecting large number of population and to introduce a scheme to regularly monitor the execution of commitments in time. This will boost the confidence of public at larg...

Election forecasting appeals to a basic human urge to peek into the future. Ever since the elections were invented to choose leaders, humans have been tempted to find ways that would tell them with some degree of certainty who would win an election.With the advent of statistical techniques, electoral data have become easy to handle. It is no surprising that election forecasting has become a business. These forecasts are derived from the theories & evidences about what matters to voters when they make election choices with the use of Artificial Intelligence. In U.S. Mog IA software has been quite effective in forecasting election results. This is an Artificial Intelligence system and predictor and has now successfully predicted its fourth election in a row. The system created in 2004 by Mr. Sanjiv Rai, Indian technocrat, has been learning from its environment and getting smarter each day. The system, which learns in real-time by analyzing Data from internet, placed its bets on ...

Advances in Artificial Intelligence & Data Analytics are propelling innovation in many parts of the world. China, for example, has committed $150 Billion of becoming World leader by 2030, USA $1.1 billion only in Non-classified Artificial Intelligence Research. Its private sector is spending billions in the field from Finance, Healthcare to retail and Defence. India is playing catch-up in these vital areas. It devotes only 0.6% of GDP in R&D. With the rise of A.I. start ups & increased  around policy making, the arrival of A.I politicians is not a big surprise. There has never been a better time to be a Politician. But it is even better to be a Machine Learning Engineer working for a politician. Politicians have a limited number of tools to gauge the temperature of the electorate. More often than not, they had to rely on instinct rather than insight while contesting. Big Data can be used to maximise the effectiveness of the campaign. The next level will be using...

Everyday we compile latest news concerning Indian Economy through different media circulations  to keep ourselves update with the current state of economic affairs of  the country. Indeed it is important  to understand that the economic development of the country depends upon the manner in which management of public finances is carried out by the Govt. In order to keep the house in order, Govt. has the responsibility of prioritising and sequencing the essentials needed in order to boost the economy. Any delay in the implementation of promises made,as such, looses its glare in the eyes of public resulting in assuming weak governance. A balanced approach is needed to maintain relations with other countries keeping view the financial position of the country and the constraints faced within the country itself. Giving donations/ grants should be done in selective cases only when they are financially viable and suitable to the country's economy. In the present scenario, P...

Cloud Accounting is Accounting software hosted on remote servers. Using Cloud (as Internet) Accounting Software frees the business from having to install & maintain software on individual desktop computer. Its solution gives access to employees in other departments remote or branch offices to same data and same version of software Cloud based term refers to applications, services, or resources made available to users via Internet from Cloud Computing Provider's Servers. The benefits of  cloud system are:- 1) It can give clear overview of current financial position. 2) Multi-users access making it easy to collaborate with team and advisors. 3) Automatic updates enables use of time for other matters. 4) Everything is run online backed up automatically, reduction in business costs, e.g. version     upgrades, maintenance, system administrator costs and server failures - all managed by     Cloud Service Provider. The flexibility of the software is that...

It is true that Govt. of India is spending and has focussed on Skill Development for the youth by providing them training/courses for enhancing their career prospects which will give more productivity to the country and strengthen the economy. It is often observed on different media forums about the discussions among the panels the existence of shortage of jobs. The pace of  providing jobs is not adequately addressed for such youth for which increased momentum is needed. Moreover shortage of jobs is inducing trained and skilled youngsters who can afford make attempts to  go for foreign jobs and settle thereby causing  Brain drain out of the country which may effect adversely to the economy in the long run.   It is therefore necessary that the Govt. should start IPIIP which is - "Identification, Promotion and Implementation of Industrial Projects" scheme with active involvement of States.The module be made on industry specific basis, for example IPIIP for Sugar, Co...

Designing a scientific experiment involves planning. The nature of Research question influences how the research will be conducted. When designing the experiment Scientist select from where and how the samples will be obtained, dates and time of experiment,controls being used and other measures needed to carry out Research. Analyzing Data for Research process involves bringing Data together and calculating statistics. These tests help the scientist understand Data tell better what significant result is found. Calculating  statistics for a scientific research experiment uses both Descriptive and inferential statistics methods. Descriptive statistics describe the Data and samples collected, e.g. sample averages or means, as well as standard deviation that tells scientist how the Data is distributed. Inferential statistics involves conducting tests of significance that have the power to either confirm or reject the original hypothesis. After Data from experiment is analysed, e...

It is well said that those who study the past can understand future. Knowing and willingness is not enough rather than be carried out to reach, felt and explained by the effected. Keeping promises made in a box and implemented on selective basis gives a sign of weak governance. The closing of the year 2018 is around the corner. What we see in the year being passed of public welfare is that  after the Budget was presented in Jan/Feb this year, regular discussions have started taking place between the Government and the governed at almost all the formats of Public concern about the new schemes launched/ to be launched. The issues/promises can be categorized in three patterns namely; 1) Schemes which are implemented across the Board. 2) Schemes stated to have been launched but  reach people after rules and regulations are framed.      thereby causing delay in its implementation and making public not aware of the procedures      to be followed...

Artificial Intelligence enables sales people to predict where sales potential is highest and where opportunities emerge in changing market conditions. Artificial Intelligence on sales has an important but specific role as we see in the solutions and actual usage of Artificial Intelligence in sales. A summary of Artificial Intelligence functions are:- 1) Help in predicting/ seeing where sales revenue & closing potential most likely; yet in the end it is        for the Sales Rep. to judge 2) Help in mining & going through all actions integrated in sales & marketing area to find out     interesting prospects and opportunities. 3) Enhance sales productivity by removing administrative & repetitive tasks as tackled before, of     course it is for the sales people to stop hiding behind the "we have too much to do" as well. 4) Help close gap between marketing and sales lead scoring. This is not a benefit of Artificial   ...

 The advent of Big Data and its application in Political elections campaigns changed the old tendency of gauging the sentiments of electorate.  Its use is to maximise the effectiveness of Machine learning systems of a election campaign. With the use of statistical techniques the system can automatically identify different patterns in Data inserted in the system. First time, Big Data was used in U.S. elections in 2012. The scale of the campaign was huge and involved analysis of every detail of voters including their sentiments, behavioral patterns and everything that could impact their voting preferences. The campaign leveraged data from Social Media, Web TV, Mobile Tele-calling etc. The campaign involved statistician, predictive modelers, software programs. The information aggregated using multiple Data sets were integrated under a common platform, diced, sliced and analysed to the minutest detail. The benefits derived out of this exercise is as under: 1) Data Analyt...

The business world today is driven by customer demand. Unfortunately, the demand patterns vary considerably from time to time. That is why it can be so challenging to develop accurate forecasts. The goals of forecasting are to reduce uncertainty & provide benchmarks for monitoring actual performance. A new generation of Artificial Intelligence technologies have emerged that hold significant commitment on improving forecasting process including applications as product demand, employee turnover, cash flow, distribution requirements, manpower forecasting & inventory. Artificial Intelligence systems are designed to bridge the gap between the two traditional forecasting approaches - Managerial and Quantitative. Artificial Intelligence is defined as a Computer Based analytical process exhibiting actions and behavior considered ' Intelligent' by human observers. A.I. attempts to mimic human thought process including reasoning and optimization. One purpose of A.I. is...

The primary drivers of change identified is the role of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and automation. Technical jobs like Software Engineers & Data Analysts along with technical skills such as Cloud computing, Mobile Applications development, Software testing, and Artificial Intelligence are on the rise in most industries and across all regions. But a number of jobs that have seen the largest decreases in share of hiring over the past five years. These occupation include Administrative Assistants, Customer Service Representatives, Accountants, Electrical/Mechanical Technicians, many of which depend upon repetitive tasks. The effect of Artificial Intelligence is not theoretical, it is very much part of our present. As such, closer look is needed to look into growing presence of Artificial Intelligence skills in the work force impacting different industries and job functions globally. A closer look on skills is needed to create Artificial Technologie...

Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular all over the world now a days. Many countries have been offering incentives/ Rewards and facilitating establishment of Electric vehicles recharging and Battery exchange stations to encourage use of vehicles by public. Rapid establishment of these stations may lead to major increases in peak loads, contracted capacities and basic electricity charges.Rise in new technologies aimed at reducing human effort when it comes to charging Electric vehicles expands interest in electrified transportation. As such, such stations in their current form may become obsolete by 2030 due to technology advances and making charging more convenient, more natural to owners / Drivers. This results in less of a need to stop for charging, something that shifts majority charging away from home despite bright outlook expanded for residential storage systems. This will be true in densely populated areas since shared vehicle transportation model grows and ...

South Africa is the Southernmost country of the African continent. It is bordered by Botswana and Zimbabwe to the North, Namibia by Northwest, Mozambique & Swaziland by Northeast and Lesotho by East. The country possesses two islands -Prince Edwards & Marion in Indian ocean about 1900 kms. from Southeast of Capetown.The country is renowned for its great natural beauty & cultural diversity which the country a favorable destination for Travelers since 1994. Its major cities Johannesburg, Capetown, Pretoria, Durban & Bloemfontein are the centers of its executive, judicial, commerce & industrial centers. It has a relatively stable economy on agricultural land and abundant mineral resources. The country has a well developed mature large scale mining sector for over 100 years.The country's Platinum group metals reserves expected to last another about 335 years and Coal for 256 years. It represents 8% of GDP of South Africa with total annual income of 500 B...